Nephrotic Syndrome


Nephrotic syndrome - classification

Primary (Idiopathic) or Secondary

  • Primary - Pathology limited to the kidney
  Proportion of childhood disease Proportion of adult disease
Minimal change nephrotic syndrome 80% 20%
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 10% 20%
Membranous nephropathy 1% 40%
Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis 5% 10%
Congenital nephrotic syndrome 2%  
Other 2% 10%
  • Secondary - Renal pathology secondary to another disease
  Vasculitis Henoch Schonlein purpura  
    SLE
    Wegener's Granulomatosis
    Goodpasture's syndrome
    Cryoglobulinaemia
  Metabolic Diabetes mellitus
  Infectious HIV infection
    Hepatitis
    Epstein Barr virus
    TB
  Malaria
Neoplasms Solid tumours
  Lymphoma
  Leukaemia
  Drugs Penicillamine
  Heavy metals
    Intravenous drug use (heroin)
    Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs
  Genetic Alport's syndrome
    Nail patella syndrome
    Fabry's disease
    Sickle cell anaemia

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